KAJIAN PENERAPAN PORTER’S GENERIC STRATEGIES DI INDUSTRI TELEKOMUNIKASI INDONESIA (STUDI KASUS: TELKOMSEL, XL DAN INDOSAT)
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.33197/jitter.vol2.iss1.2015.69Kata Kunci:
Cost Leadership, Differentiation, Porter’s Generic Strategy.Abstrak
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Abstrak :
Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui seperti apa strategi di industri telekomunikasi di Indonesia. Penelitian ini mengambil tiga operator GSM terbesar di Indonesia yaitu PT. Telkomsel Tbk, PT. XL Axiata Tbk, dan PT Indosat Tbk, yang mana ketiganya memiliki pangsa terbesar diantara 10 operator lainnya. Analisis data dilakukan dengan menggunakan metode komparatif yang menjelaskan masing-masing strategi operator Telkomsel, Indosat dan XL. Data yang digunakan ada dua, yaitu data-data dari laporan tahunan masing-masing operator dan wawancara yang kepada masing-masing operator pada bagian pengembangan inovasi dan strategi. Data-data yang diambil dari laporan tahunan masing-masing operator adalah data pangsa pasar, ARPU, Subscribers Breakdown, MoU, Net Adds Subscriber, Price Minute, Processed Calls, Average MoU dan biaya pemasaran.
Berdasarkan analisis dan pengolahan data disimpulkan bahwa strategi di pasar telekomunikasi di Indonesia masih menggunakan Porter’s Generic Strategies, yaitu Telkomsel dan Indosat merupakan operator yang berhasil dalam menggunakan strategi differentiation dimana Telkomsel meng-cover daerah terluas termasuk Indonesia bagian Timur dengan jumlah BTS mencapai 54.291 pada akhir tahun 2012 dan Indosat memberikan layanan MIDI dan Wireless yang berkontribusi terhadap usaha MIDI sebesar 14.6% pada akhir tahun 2012 sedangkan XL merupakan operator yang berhasil menerapkan strategi Cost Leadership yang bisa menekan beban biaya perusahaan setiap tahunnya sehingga mengeluarkan produk dengan harga dibawah pasar. XL dikenal sejak tahun 2007 dengan tarif per detiknya. XL juga menerapkan beberapa strategi dari differentiation dengan mengembangkan teknologi yang bernama XCLoud.
Kata kunci:
Kepemimpinan biaya, diferensiasi, dan Strategi Generic Porter
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Abstract
This research was conducted to understand what kind of strategies there are in Indonesia’s telecommunication industry. This research was focused on the three biggest GSM operators in Indonesia, PT. Telkomsel Tbk, PT. XL Axiata Tbk, and PT Indosat Tbk, all of which has the biggest market share compared to ten other operators.
Data were analyzed using comparative method to explain each strategy that the respective operators use. There were two data used in this research; annual report of each operator and interview with the department of innovation and strategy of each operator. Data from annual report of each operator are Market Share, ARPU, Subscribers Breakdown, MoU, Net Adds Subscriber, Price Minute, Processed Calls, Average MoU, and Marketing Cost.
Based on the analysis and processing of data concluded that the strategy in the telecommunications market in Indonesia is still using Porter's Generic Strategies, Telkomsel and Indosat is an operator which succeeded in using the strategy of differentiation where Telkomsel to cover the largest area including East Indonesia by the number of base stations to reach 54 291 by the end of the year 2012 and Indosat provide Wireless and MIDI services that contributed 14.6% MIDI businesses at the end of 2012 while XL is a successful operator cost that implemented Cost Leadership Strategy that reduce company’s cost each year so they can release lowest product pricein the market. Since 2007 XL is well known with their “per second call tarifs”. XL also implemented some of the differentiation strategies by developped Xcloud Technology.
Keywords:
Cost Leadership, Differentiation, and Porter’s Generik StrategyUnduhan
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