Pengaruh Ketebalan Plat Terhadap Daya Roling Pada Proses Electrical: Tinjauan Komparatif Berbasis Studi Eksperimen Terdahulu

Abstract

This study aims to systematiclly investigate the influence of forging working temperature on the impact toughness of various metallic materials, including medium carbon steel, cooper, brass, and AISI 1045 steel. Impact toughness defines a material's ability to absorb energy and resist crack propagation under sudden or dynamic loading. The forging process can enhance this property by increasing microstructural density, with temperature being a critical factor. In medium carbon steel, forging at 850°C followed by rapid cooling produces a hard but brittle structure (0.034 J/mm²), whereas tempering at 400°C increases impact toughness to 0.140 J/mm² due to microstructural refinement. Copper forged at 350°C exhibits up to a 58% increase in impact energy, while brass shows similar improvements up to a forging temperature of 450°C. In friction-welded AISI 1045 steel, longer friction durations generate surface temperatures of 900–1200°C, enhancing impact toughness through the formation of a refined microstructure. Overall, the relationship between forging temperature and impact toughness is highly dependent on material type, chemical composition, and thermomechanical processing parameters.